Almost all students at one time or another extend the "ed" ending at the end of a word. The result of this extension is an extra syllable that should not be pronounced. In the 1500's, Shakespeare's time, that is actually how people pronounced the "ed" ending. We don't pronounce it this way today. So, if I've told you that you're using a "Shakespearian 'ed' ending," this is what I mean.
For example, the word "walked" should be pronounced as one syllable, not two. The word "realized" should be pronounced as two syllables, not three, etc.
The past simple tense and past participle of all regular verbs end in "ed." Many adjectives are made from the past participle and so they end in "ed."
How do anglophones pronounce the "ed" sound?
In 3 ways: / Id/ or / t/ or / d/
Ok, so how do I know which ending to use?
Check out the following resources that I've curated to learn how:
| Website | Page Name | Comments |
| YouTube (Espresso English) | How to Pronounce the -ED Ending Correctly in English | This is my top pick. The video not explains the correct way to pronounce the "ed" ending, but also gives an example of how not to pronounce it (the famous Shakespearian ed ending). It is also very simple to understand. |
| YouTube (Elemental English) | [t], [d] or [Id]? | "-ed" Past Tense | English Pronunciation | Despite the "echo" in the background of this audio recording, this video also provides a good explanation with clear visual cues. |
| YouTube (Rachel's English) | How to Pronounce -ed verb endings | This explanation is a little bit more advanced and detailed, so it may be a bit harder for some people to understand. However, for someone looking for a detailed audio explanation on this topic, this is the video to watch. |
| English Club | How to Pronounce -ed | While the above audio explanations are important for you to hear, I think it's also important that you see the charts and text explanations on this page. Look for the "play" button on this page because this website also has an audio explanation. |
| Woodward English | Pronunciation of "ed": Past Tense, Past Participles and Adjectives | I chose this page because of how "clean" and organized it is. |
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