What is Conjugation?
Conjugation is the creation of derived forms of a verb from its principal parts by inflection (regular alteration according to rules of grammar). Conjugation may be affected by person, number, gender, tense, aspect, mood, voice, or other grammatical categories.
Conjugated forms of a verb are called finite forms. In many languages there are also one or more forms that remain unchanged with all or most of grammatical categories: the non-finite forms, such as the infinitive or the gerund. A table giving all the conjugated variants of a verb in a given language is called a conjugation table or a verb paradigm.
What is a Conjugation Reference?
A conjugation reference helps second language learners conjugate verbs in a variety of tenses. Conjugation references exist both online and in book (paper) format. If you need to conjugate verbs offline (such as during an exam), you may wish to consider purchasing a good conjugation reference.
- A list of recommended book (paper) format conjugation references
- A list of recommended online conjugation references
Book-Format Verb Conjugation References
In order to purchase a conjugation reference, you will need to visit a bookstore (library) in-person or online. Physical brick-and-mortar bookstores (libraries) are becoming extinct and you may find it easier to order a book from an online bookstore. Here is a list of recommended publications:
| Title, Author, ISBN | Notes |
|
Bescherelle Anglais : les verbes, Didier Hourquin, Gilbert Quenelle, 9782218926150 |
|
Online Verb Conjugation References
This is a list of online verb conjugators. Enter the base / root / infinitive form of the verb and receive a summary of all of the conjugations in all of the verb tenses. While these sites offer conjugations in English, many of them offer conjugations in other languages as well:
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